{
 "id": "prithvi-imagin-e",
 "entry": 14,
 "name": "Prithvi on the IMAGIN-e payload, International Space Station",
 "group": "ran",
 "class": "perception",
 "location": "space station",
 "operator": "Thales Alenia Space (the payload)",
 "developer": "Adelaide University, with ESA Φ-lab, Thales Alenia Space and the SmartSat CRC",
 "host": "IMAGIN-e, on the station's Bartolomeo platform",
 "catalogue": null,
 "dates": {
  "launched": "2024-03-21",
  "ran": "before 1 December 2025; no date given",
  "reported": "2025-12-01",
  "ended": null
 },
 "hardware": "an ARM-based compute module with no hardware accelerator",
 "software": "A compressed variant of the NASA and IBM Prithvi geospatial foundation model",
 "did": "Ran inference on a prepared test set in orbit, under command from the ground, and returned outputs matching those obtained on Earth.",
 "marks": [
  {
   "stage": "L",
   "evidence": 2,
   "basis": [
    "c6"
   ]
  },
  {
   "stage": "R",
   "evidence": 2,
   "basis": [
    "c1",
    "c2"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "claims": [
  {
   "id": "c1",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "We further demonstrate reliable on-orbit inference with the IMAGIN-e payload aboard the International Space Station.",
   "speaker": "Du et al., the research team",
   "relation": "experimenter",
   "source": "arxiv-prithvi-abs",
   "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.01181",
   "source_title": "First On-Orbit Demonstration of a Geospatial Foundation Model",
   "publisher": "arXiv (preprint by the demonstration's team)",
   "source_kind": "preprint",
   "published": "2025-12-01",
   "published_basis": "submission date on the page",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "abstract page in full"
  },
  {
   "id": "c2",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "Inference was executed onboard the compute module under ground command, with intermediate outputs and runtime logs downlinked for comparison with on-ground baselines.",
   "speaker": "Du et al., the research team",
   "relation": "experimenter",
   "source": "arxiv-prithvi-html",
   "url": "https://arxiv.org/html/2512.01181v1",
   "source_title": "First On-Orbit Demonstration of a Geospatial Foundation Model (full text)",
   "publisher": "arXiv (preprint by the demonstration's team)",
   "source_kind": "preprint",
   "published": "2025-12-01",
   "published_basis": "submission date on the abstract page",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "in part: about 25 excerpts of 78,000 characters"
  },
  {
   "id": "c3",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "direct on-orbit testing was not possible due to a technical anomaly affecting the EO payload interface",
   "speaker": "Du et al., the research team",
   "relation": "experimenter",
   "source": "arxiv-prithvi-html",
   "url": "https://arxiv.org/html/2512.01181v1",
   "source_title": "First On-Orbit Demonstration of a Geospatial Foundation Model (full text)",
   "publisher": "arXiv (preprint by the demonstration's team)",
   "source_kind": "preprint",
   "published": "2025-12-01",
   "published_basis": "submission date on the abstract page",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "in part: about 25 excerpts of 78,000 characters"
  },
  {
   "id": "c4",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "this was not possible due to a power fault in the imaging system",
   "speaker": "Du et al., the research team",
   "relation": "experimenter",
   "source": "arxiv-prithvi-html",
   "url": "https://arxiv.org/html/2512.01181v1",
   "source_title": "First On-Orbit Demonstration of a Geospatial Foundation Model (full text)",
   "publisher": "arXiv (preprint by the demonstration's team)",
   "source_kind": "preprint",
   "published": "2025-12-01",
   "published_basis": "submission date on the abstract page",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "in part: about 25 excerpts of 78,000 characters"
  },
  {
   "id": "c5",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "has successfully uploaded and demonstrated NASA and IBM's open-source Prithvi Geospatial artificial intelligence (AI) foundation model aboard two in-orbit platforms, making it the first geospatial foundation model to be deployed in orbit",
   "speaker": "NASA, which made the model with IBM",
   "relation": "model-maker",
   "source": "nasa-prithvi-orbit",
   "url": "https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/ai-foundation-model-in-orbit/",
   "source_title": "NASA's Prithvi Becomes First AI Geospatial Foundation Model In Orbit",
   "publisher": "NASA Science",
   "source_kind": "press-release",
   "published": "2026-05-07",
   "published_basis": "page metadata; updated 13 May 2026",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "in full"
  },
  {
   "id": "c6",
   "kind": "quote",
   "text": "The IMAGIN-e payload was launched on 21 March 2024 aboard a SpaceX cargo resupply mission",
   "speaker": "Du et al., the research team",
   "relation": "experimenter",
   "source": "arxiv-prithvi-html",
   "url": "https://arxiv.org/html/2512.01181v1",
   "source_title": "First On-Orbit Demonstration of a Geospatial Foundation Model (full text)",
   "publisher": "arXiv (preprint by the demonstration's team)",
   "source_kind": "preprint",
   "published": "2025-12-01",
   "published_basis": "submission date on the abstract page",
   "accessed": "2026-10-04",
   "copy_route": "direct",
   "read": "in part: about 25 excerpts of 78,000 characters"
  }
 ],
 "conflicts": [
  {
   "summary": "How many platforms. NASA's article of May 2026 says the model was demonstrated aboard two in-orbit platforms, the Kanyini satellite and IMAGIN-e. The team's own preprint of December 2025 says direct testing in orbit on Kanyini was not possible, and that the model ran there on an engineering model on the ground. Either the Kanyini run happened later and is reported nowhere read here, or the article counts ground hardware as an orbiting platform.",
   "status": "unresolved; only the IMAGIN-e run is recorded"
  },
  {
   "summary": "The run in orbit used a prepared test set, not images newly taken: the preprint says a power fault in the imaging system prevented that.",
   "status": "noted"
  }
 ],
 "notes": "The preprint thanks Thales Alenia Space for evidence of the demonstration. Thales Alenia Space runs the payload and is among the authors' institutions, so this is not counted as independent.",
 "changed": "Run raised from R1 to R2 after the preprint was read, and narrowed from two platforms to one.",
 "headline": "L2 R2"
}