Starcloud-1

Trained a small language model in orbit and ran a larger one.

L3 Launched: confirmed by a party with no stake, or by public data. Rests on c6.
R1 Ran: own statement. Rests on c2.

Operator	Starcloud
Developer	Starcloud
Host	Starcloud-1
Where	Earth orbit
Class	language
Hardware	NVIDIA H100
Model or software	NanoGPT, trained in orbit; then a Google model, which sources name differently
Launched	2 Nov 2025
Ran	December 2025
Catalogue	STARCLOUD-1, number 66303; matched by name, the reviewer's judgement

What was said, and by whom

“launched in November 2025 with the first Nvidia H100 GPU in space”

Starcloud: the operator. Starcloud-1, Starcloud. Published undated (no date in the text; page metadata says 2025-12-10). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full as extracted: 990 characters of a much larger page, so parts drawn by script may be missing.
“became the first satellite to run a version of Gemini in space and the first spacecraft to train an LLM”

Starcloud: the operator. Starcloud-1, Starcloud. Published undated (no date in the text; page metadata says 2025-12-10). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full as extracted: 990 characters of a much larger page, so parts drawn by script may be missing.
“running and querying responses from Gemma, an open large language model from Google”

CNBC: a news report. 'Greetings, earthlings': Nvidia-backed Starcloud trains first AI model in space as orbital data center race heats up, CNBC. Published 10 Dec 2025 (page metadata). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full.
“trains first AI model in space”

CNBC, in its headline: a news report. 'Greetings, earthlings': Nvidia-backed Starcloud trains first AI model in space as orbital data center race heats up, CNBC. Published 10 Dec 2025 (page metadata). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full.
“the first time in history that an LLM has been run on a high-powered Nvidia GPU in outer space”

CNBC: a news report. 'Greetings, earthlings': Nvidia-backed Starcloud trains first AI model in space as orbital data center race heats up, CNBC. Published 10 Dec 2025 (page metadata). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full.
OBJECT_NAME: STARCLOUD-1; LAUNCH_DATE: 2025-11-02

CelesTrak satellite catalogue: a public catalogue. Satellite catalogue record 66303, CelesTrak. Published undated (a live catalogue record; the access date is the date that matters). Read 4 Oct 2026, in full.

Where sources disagree

Which Google model ran. Starcloud's own page says "a version of Gemini". CNBC's report says Gemma. Unresolved.

Claims to a first

First model trained in space: contradicted. A news headline. OPS-SAT's experimenters reported models trained in orbit in April 2021, and their 2022 paper gives the results. HPE dates federated training on the space station to February 2024.
First language model trained in space: unchecked. Narrower than the headline written about it, and not contradicted by anything read.

Notes

The news report quotes Google DeepMind and NVIDIA in support. Both have a stake, as maker of the model and maker of the chip, so neither counts as confirmation. No logs, data or paper were found.

This record as data